As Geleiras estão se retraindo. O que pode acontecer com a biodiversidade?
- Kleber Del Claro

- 3 de dez. de 2019
- 2 min de leitura
Atualizado: 27 de dez. de 2019

Acaba de ser publicado o artigo de capa da Nature -
Cauvy-Fraunié & Dangles. A global synthesis of biodiversity responses to glacier retreat. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 3, 1675-1685 (2019).
ou
Uma síntese global das respostas da biodiversidade ao recuo das geleiras.
Este artigo é uma meta-análise, ou seja, ele compila dados de centenas de estudos sobre um assunto, buscando respostas gerais para fenômenos específicos. O recuo das Geleiras parece beneficiar espécies generalistas e prejudicar especialistas, o que pode levar a uma grande perda de biodiversidade, especialmente local.O
Veja o resumo
"As geleiras cobrem cerca de 10% da área terrestre da Terra, mas estão se retraindo rapidamente e muitas desaparecerão em décadas. A diminuição das geleiras é um fenômeno mundial que aumenta a ameaça aos recursos hídricos, à biodiversidade e aos serviços ecossistêmicos associados à centenas de milhões de pessoas, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Nosso entendimento das consequências ecológicas do recuo das geleiras melhorou significativamente na última década, mas ainda não temos uma estrutura abrangente para prever as respostas da biodiversidade ao recuo das geleiras globalmente, em diversos habitats e táxons. Ao conduzir uma meta-análise global de 234 estudos publicados, incluindo mais de 2.100 pesquisas de biodiversidade cobrindo assembleias marinhas, de água doce e terrestre, mostramos aqui que a abundância e a riqueza de táxons geralmente aumentam em níveis mais baixos de influência das geleiras, sugerindo que a diversidade aumenta localmente, com as geleiras se retraindo. No entanto, uma heterogeneidade significativa da resposta foi observada entre os locais de estudo e as espécies: 6 a 11% das populações estudadas, principalmente nos fiordes, perderiam com o recuo da geleira. A maioria dos perdedores são espécies especializadas, dispersores eficientes, adaptados exclusivamente às condições glaciais, enquanto os vencedores são táxons generalistas colonizando a jusante. Nossas análises globais também identificam variáveis geográficas chave (cobertura da geleira, taxas de isolamento e derretimento, mas não latitude ou altitude) e características das espécies (tamanho do corpo e posição trófica) que provavelmente modulam a sensibilidade do táxon ao recuo glacial.
Finalmente, propomos diagramas mecanicistas para o desenvolvimento de modelos para prever mudanças na biodiversidade após o recuo das geleiras."
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-019-1042-8






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